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A man in a pickup truck drove down a crowded Bourbon Street in New Orleans on New Year’s Day, killing 14 and wounding at least 35 others. The driver engaged police in a shootout, wounding two before being fatally shot and ending the spree of violence.

Authorities discovered the assailant, a 42-year-old American-born resident of Texas and an Army veteran, had an Islamic State flag in the truck and had been radicalized by ISIS.

The New Orleans tragedy is an example of what at George Mason �鶹����’s Zak Kallenborn calls “rampage terrorism.”

Rampage terrorism happens when “the terrorist is physically present at the attack location, attacks targets of opportunity, and the attack continues for an indefinite period, either until the terrorist is subdued or chooses to end the attack,” said Kallenborn, a Schar School policy fellow and the lead author on a new paper on the subject.

The study, “The Logic of Rampage Terrorism,” cowritten with the �鶹���� of Albany professor of emergency management and homeland security Gary Ackerman and �鶹���� of Arizona PhD candidate Herbert Tinsley, was published last February in .

“In popular thinking, the archetypal terrorist attack consists of a preconceived plan, where terrorists carefully select the location, targets, and timing of their operation,” he said. “Bombings, hijackings, and targeted assassinations are all tactics that fit with such perceptions.

The study, which offers policy implications and points to future research, examines five recent cases in depth and defines rampage terrorism as a specific subset of terrorist tactics. The conclusion: Rampage terrorism “possesses unique characteristics that warrant attention.”

“For as long as extremist views inspire some towards violence, rampage terrorism can be expected to persist within terrorist tactical repertoires,” the authors conclude. “Since rampage terrorism will likely linger, states should seek opportunities to reduce the harm by emphasizing resilience in the face of the threat, building civil defenses, and countering influencers.”

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